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MONUMENT NO. 71527

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Iron Age promontory fort, possibly unfinished, surviving as an earthwork.

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SJ 510 757 Fort (NR) (1)

Section of rampart at 'A' (SJ 5110 7570) and hut(?) excavated June
1949 by T G E Powell and G Webster. Rampart banked and faced with
stone rubble core- no sign of timbers. 12ft total width. No
occupation finds. (2)

The Iron Age hillfort of Woodhouses takes advantage of natural
features on its western and southern sides but appears originally to
have had a continuous encircling rampart which is best preserved
on the northern and eastern sides where it has a maximum height of
about 5ft above the interior and is about 35ft wide. There is no
outer ditch. The enclosed area is about 3 3/4 acres. On the
eastern side the bank exists now as a series of short sections of
differing heights and widths, the northern half looking considerably
larger than the southern. This may be due to collapse aided by
weathering and robbing but it may be incomplete.

There are only slight traces of artificial defences on the western
and southern sides. The western rampart is marked by a series of
scarps which are presumably all that remains of the original bank.
Flanking the western side and between 50 and 100ft from it is a low
sandstone cliff below which the ground falls steeply. This may
explain the fragmentary nature of the remains on this side but it
may be due to the fact that they were never finished. There is no
trace of a western extension of the northern rampart to the cliff
edge as might have been expected. The south western side is
defended by steep natural slopes. The eastern rampart, as it
approaches the southern angle, begins to turn in a westerly
direction and even where it ceases to be a bank there is a clear scarp for 60 or 70ft. Beyond this along the remainder of the southern flank there is the suggestion of a scarp but it requires excavation to to prove that it represents the remains of a rampart.

The footpath which passes up the eastern slope passes through a
gap in the bank where, in 1951, and excavation showed that the
rampart was originally of the box type revetted back and front
with drystone walling. It was 12ft thick and in its original state
probably 8 to 10ft high.

There is no clear indication of an entrance but from a tactical
point of view it would have been on the western side. (3)

Published survey (25") revised. (4)

An Iron Age fort enclosing an area 180.0m by 80.0m which has the
appearance, as suggested by Johnston, (3) of being unfinished.

Situated on the end of a ridge set back from a line of precipitous
crags with steep slopes forming the only defence on the south
side and a single straight rampart built along the less steep
slope on the east side. This rampart varies considerably in height
along its length. At its southern end it is 1.0m high from the
interior and 1.6m high externally becoming stronger towards the
northern end where it is 1.5m and 2.7m high. There is no
topographical reason for this since the slopes are at least as
steep towards the northern end.

Another factor suggesting that the fort is unfinished is the weakness
of the defences on the north and west sides which form the easiest
approach. The west side is defined by a mainly natural scarp and no
attempt has been made to incorporate the cliffs on the west into
the defences.

No constructed entrance could be identified. The apparent inturning
at the north-east corner is the point where a natural scarp running
SW to NE joins the scarp slope 0.9m high, which forms the defence
on the north side.

A terraced path which approaches the break in the rampart at SJ
5110 7570 is presumably modern since the excavations of 1949 (and
?1951 see (3)) apparently did not disclose an entrance at this
point.

Published survey (1:2500) correct. (5)

Listed by Challis and Harding as a four acre promontory site with
a stone revetted box rampart 12ft wide(Iron Age). (6)

SJ 510 757. Woodhouse Hill. Listed in gazetteer as a univallate hillfort covering 1.5ha. (7)

SJ 5107 7573. Hillfort on Woodhouse Hill 500m W of Mickledale.
Scheduled RSM No 25694. (8)

SOURCE TEXT

( 1) Ordnance Survey Map (Scale / Date)

OS 6" 1970

( 2) Annotated Record Map

Corr 6" (G Webster 1949)

( 3) General reference

T Lancs and Ches AS 72 1962 17-19 plan (J Forde-Johnston)

( 4) Field Investigators Comments

F1 JHW 05-NOV-62

( 5) Field Investigators Comments

F2 DJC 18-FEB-76

( 6) General reference

BAR 20 pt2 Later Prehist from Trent-Tyne 1975, 45 (A J Challis & D W Harding)

(7) by A H A Hogg 1979 British hillforts : an index

BAR British series1 (1974) - Page(s)155

(8) General reference

English Heritage Scheduling Amendment 20/7/95

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