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MONUMENT NO. 451919

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DESCRIPTION

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A long barrow extant as an earthwork and located immediately northwest of Maiden Castle (SY 68 NE 7 and associated records), on the northeast-facing slope of a ridge, overlooking the Frome valley. The barrow is listed by Grinsell as Winterborne Monkton 1 and by RCHME as Winterborne Monkton 3. There is no record of any excavation having been undertaken. Orientated north northwest - south southeast, in 1980 the Ordnance Survey recorded it as a mound 27 metres by 9 metres and surviving to a maximum height of 0.5 metres on the downhill side, with no visible traces of ditches. In 1955, an Ordnance Survey field investigator had described the mound then as being 36 metres long and 18 metres wide, with a ditch 5 metres wide and 0.4 metres deep on the north side. The ditch on the south side was not visible. The higher, broader end was to the southeast where it measured up to 1.7 metres high. Plough damage was already well-advanced, and the mound appeared to have a "heavy chalk content throughout...and at the eastern end there is a sizeable heap of large flint nodules as though a cairn had been disturbed.Among the flints are small pieces of "alien" sandstone conglomerate and fragments of calcined bone". Air photographs taken in the 1930s appear to show a narrow mound with unusually tapered ends, though this may have been a product of ploughing and other agricultural activity. Scheduled.

DETAIL

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SY66518880. A well preserved and unmistakable long
barrow which, though short, does not by its form fall into the
Wessex short-long barrow type.
Orientated NNW-SSE, it is 36.0 metres long and 18.0 metres wide
with a ditch 5.0 metres wide, and 0.4 metres deep on the north
or downhill side. Solifluction has eradicated the southern ditch.
The highest and broadest end is to the east where taken to the
north it is 1.7 metres high and to the south it is 0.6 metres
high. The Western end flows gently into the surrounding contours.
The barrow is situated on land falling to the north-east and is
under the plough. It shows a heavy chalk content throughout the
mound and at the eastern end there is a sizeable heap of large
flint nodules as though a cairn had been disturbed. Among the
flints are small pieces of "alien" sandstone conglomerate and
fragments of calcined bones. (1)

See air photographs CPE/UK2472/3076 and CPE/UK2431/3258-9 (1)

(SY 66518879) Long Barrow (NR) (2)

Long Barrow (?) (SY 66548877) (3)

Lies 30 yds due N of the outer bank of the W entrance of Maiden
Castle, about 350ft above O.D. on the E facing slope of a chalk
ridge. On a bearing of 142o, it is about 90 ft. long, at most
about 50ft wide, about 5ft high from below but almost flat from above
with rounded ends returning uphill. At the S end the plough had
exposed a thick spread of heavy flints and there was the remnant
of a shallow pit or ditch, over 10 ft across. Oblique air
photographs taken in the 1930's by Major G W G Allen
show a narrow mound with unusually tapered ends, possibly
sharpened by tracks or ploughing. There has been intensive ploughing
since then. (4)

SY 66518880 A possible ploughed out long barrow, discovered by
J Rigg of the Archaeology Division of the Ordnance Survey. (5)

Reduced by ploughing to an elongated mound. 27.0m by 9.0m with a
maximum height of 0.5m on the downhill side; no visible ditch.

Re-surveyed at 1:2500 on MSD. (6)

The long barrow lies 50m to the north of the western entrance of Maiden Castle at SY 6651 8879 at the head of a dry valley. It comprises a low, ploughed over mound, orientated N-S, 24m long, 20m wide and 0.3m high. Aerial photographs taken in 1937 when Mortimer Wheeler was excavating Maiden Castle show the monument as a substantial mound with flanking ditches (Ashmolean Museum collection: ACA 7312 fr 776; ACA 7090 fr 766; ACA 7090 fr 767) (8).

The site was surveyed using differential GPS at a scale of 1: 200 as part of a survey of the long barrows on the South Dorset Ridgeway carried out by English Heritage and the Ridgeway Survey Group (9).

The geophysical surveys carried out by the EH Geophysics Team and the Ridgeway Survey Group of this long barrow clearly show the buried ditches. Both magnetometry and resistivity surveys showed the ditch on the western and eastern sides of the barrow. The ditch was also present across the north end of the mound but did not appear to be continuous. Areas of high resistance at the south end of the mound may be interpreted as a collapsed and buried chamber (10).

SOURCE TEXT

( 1) Field Investigators Comments

F1 NVQ 02-FEB-1955

( 2) Ordnance Survey Map (Scale / Date)

6" 1963

( 3) Royal Commission on Historical Monuments (England) 1970 An inventory of historical monuments in the County of Dorset. Volume two : south-east [in three parts]

Page(s)432

( 4) by L V Grinsell 1959 Dorset barrows

Page(s)82

( 5) Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society

77 Page(s)150

( 6) Field Investigators Comments

F2 JGB O2-SEP-1980

(7) Scheduled Monument Notification

11-JUL-1997

(8) Field Investigators Comments

Riley, H February 2007 EH Field Investigation

(9) General reference

Riley, H 2008 Long Barrows on the South Dorset Ridgeway. A Survey by English Heritage and the Ridgeway Survey Group. EH Research Department Report.

(10) General reference

Payne, A 2008 The long barrows at Maiden Castle, Winterbourne Monkton and Sheep Down, Winterbourne Steepleton, Dorset. Report on Geophysical Surveys July 2007. EH Research Department Report

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Monument Name/No

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Description

MAIDEN CASTLE
WINTERBORNE ST. MARTIN

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Maiden Castle, known primarily for its Iron Age hillfort, which is one of the largest and most complex in Europe; the site includes other multi-period...

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