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Historic England Research Records

Swerford Castle

Hob Uid: 335112
Location :
Oxfordshire
West Oxfordshire
Swerford
Grid Ref : SP3724031170
Summary : The earthwork remains of a 12th century motte and bailey castle and an associated enclosure. It survives as an extant earthwork monument at the centre of the village. Part of the bailey has been destroyed. It may have been used later as a windmill tump. This site has been mapped from aerial photographs as part of the South East Warwickshire and Cotswolds HLS Target Areas National Mapping Programme.
More information : (SP 37243117) CASTLE (NR) (Site of) (1)

Motte and bailey with strong counterscarp bank north of the church built of piled limestone, with oval enclosure beyond to the north-east. Pottery from the motte-top and bailey in 1938 was dated to the mid-twelfth century. (2-3)

A small motte and bailey with earthworks to the NE consisting of a series of small platforms including a circular one which would appear to be either the remains of a dovecote or windmill. Superficially the whole earthwork appears to be a ring motte but on closer examination is seems probable that the motte, at SP 37243119 has been cut back internally forming the present slightly crescentic mound. Part of the bailey has been destroyed by an extension to the church graveyard.
Resurveyed at 1:2500 (4)

The site is as described above by the previous authorities. There are sections of bank, one of which turns inwards at a right angle suggesting an entrance to the bailey at SP 37282 31187. There is an amorphous bank at SP 37274 31224, suggesting a feature that has been spread out to try to level it. This is located immediately to the north of the circular enclosure mentioned above by authority 2, and interpreted as a windmill mound or a dove cote. The main motte is only partially visible on aerial photographs taken in 1954 as it has a number of trees on it. The site becomes more wooded over the following decades.

This site has been mapped from aerial photographs as part of the South East Warwickshire and Cotswolds HLS Target Areas National Mapping Programme (6).

Sources :
Source Number : 1
Source :
Source details : Ordnance Survey 6" NSL
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Source Number : 2
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Source details : Oxfordshire Archaeological Society Report No 84 pp 85-93
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Source Number : 3
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Source details :
Page(s) : 318
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Vol(s) : 1968
Source Number : 4
Source :
Source details : First OS Archaeology Field Investigator 12/05/1970
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Source Number : 5
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Source details : English Heritage Schedule Entry 26/07/1996
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Source Number : 6
Source :
Source details : NMR RAF/82/1003 F.21 0061-0062 31-AUG-1954
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Monument Types:
Components and Objects:
Period : Medieval
Component Monument Type : Motte And Bailey, Building Platform
Object Type : VESSEL
Object Material : Pottery

Related Records from other datasets:
External Cross Reference Source : Scheduled Monument Legacy (County No.)
External Cross Reference Number : OX 41
External Cross Reference Notes :
External Cross Reference Source : Scheduled Monument Legacy (National No.)
External Cross Reference Number : 21833
External Cross Reference Notes :
External Cross Reference Source : SMR Number (Oxfordshire)
External Cross Reference Number : 1151
External Cross Reference Notes :
External Cross Reference Source : National Monuments Record Number
External Cross Reference Number : SP 33 SE 5
External Cross Reference Notes :

Related Warden Records :
Related Activities :
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1938-01-01
End Date : 1938-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1956-01-01
End Date : 1956-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : FIELD OBSERVATION (VISUAL ASSESSMENT)
Start Date : 1970-05-12
End Date : 1970-05-12
Associated Activities :
Activity type : AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH INTERPRETATION
Start Date : 2010-10-04
End Date : 2013-07-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : MEASURED SURVEY
Start Date : 2012-01-01
End Date : 2012-12-31