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Historic England Research Records

Bawtry Roman Fort

Hob Uid: 320925
Location :
Nottinghamshire
Bassetlaw
Scaftworth
Grid Ref : SK6591092760
Summary : The buried remains of Scaftworth Roman fort and an adjacent section of Roman road. The site is visible as crop marks on aerial photographs. The crop marks show that the fort is surrounded by a bank and triple ditch system, the innermost ditch enclosing an area of just under 0.4 hectares. The innermost ditch has almost right angled corners while the outer pair are more gently rounded at the corners. Excavations of parts of the ditches have shown them to be between 3.04 metres and 4.57 metres wide and just under 1.52 metres deep. The ditches are 'V' shaped in section and had been waterlogged. From the evidence of pottery and a coin the site can be dated to the second half of the fourth century AD. The fort lies very close to where the Roman road from York to Lincoln crossed the River Idle. A stretch of the road is clearly visible on the aerial photograph as a dark line running north west to south east just north of the fort. Recent excavations have shown that there were two phases of road construction and had confirmed both the alignment and construction of these. To the west of the fort, in the river flood plain, the earlier road was built of furf and timber and provided a 'floating road' over the wet ground. This road ran across the site of the fort and was considerably earlier in date than the fort. Sometime later the road was replaced by a more carefully constructed gravel road which was 6 metres wide and flanked by oak pegs. A single radiocarbon date obtained from an oak post suggests a date in the third century. It is this section of later road that survibes as a cropmark to the north of the fort. The fort is associated with the Theodicean recovery of the northern province in the mid to late fourth century. The site appears to be a purely military post with no evidence of an associated civil settlement.
More information : SK 658 928. A small Roman fort with three ditches was
observed in 1944 (a) and subsequent years, near where the Roman road
from Lincoln-Doncaster crossed the R. Idle. 'No traces are visible on
the surface, as the site is in arable land and has long been
ploughed. There is a gate in the centre of each of the north-east and
south-west sides, and a crop-mark recorded in photographs seems to
indicate the line of the Roman road passing the fort at a distance
of about 100 ft. from the north-east side."
The enclosure has been surveyed and trenched. 'The ditches were
V-shaped with a maximum width of 12 ft. and just under 5 ft. deep,
and had been waterlogged; fourth century pottery was found in the
upper part of the filling'. (1-1b)

The triple-ditched enclosure at Scaftworth was dug by J. Barlett & D.
N. Riley. It encloses a little under an acre measuring 205 ft. by 185
ft.; all the pottery found in the lower part of the ditch-filling was
fourth century and there was a bronze imitation of a siliqua of
Julian the Apostate. (c). (2)

Fragments of pottery and part of a spear were found in 1750 at
Scaftworth. Intrenchments visible late 18th c. were supposed in
consequence of this discovery to be the remains of a Roman
station. (3)

"Until recently an earthwork similar to that at Martin, in the parish
of Harworth, was situated about 1/2 mile to the east of Bawtry; it is
figured in some of the old county maps. (a) During the enclosure of
the common several specimens of Roman antiquities were found ..."
[See SK 69 SW/1 for the similar earthwork at Martin]. (4)

The fort was sited from the A.P. [AO 59/315/5] centred at SK 6590
9276. Although under growing crop, the area is still prolific in
pottery yield. A quantity of sherds, mainly coarse ware, was
recovered from the surface during an inspection of the site.
The centre of this area has been surveyed on the 25" A.M.
No traces of the Roman road exist in the vicinity of the crop mark
referred to by authority (1). (5)

No change. (6)

Not accepted for 4th edition Map of Roman Britain. To be excavated in
1980 by D.L. Kennedy of Sheffield University. (7)

(SK 65919276) Roman Fortlet (R) (Site of) (NAT). (8)

SK 659928. Rectangular camp, listed under Roman Remains. (9)

Todd considers the enclosure as part of the Theodosian recovery of the province, its position policing the route from the Trent Valley towards Doncaster and thence into the Vale of York. Superficially, this site would seem to represent a purely military post, as it lacks any form of civil settlement. (10-11)

Sources :
Source Number : 1
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Page(s) : 87, 114
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Plates : X (2)
Vol(s) : 43 (1953)
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Page(s) : 84
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Vol(s) : 35 (1945)
Source Number : 4
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Page(s) : 303-4
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Source Number : 4a
Source :
Source details : Pigot's Directory, 1841.
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Source Number : 4b
Source :
Source details : Peck W. Topography and History of Bawtry
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Source Number : 4c
Source :
Source details : White F. History and Topography of Nottinghamshire
Page(s) : 397
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Source Number : 5
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Source details : F1 RWE 02-MAR-60
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Source details : F2 FDC 11-MAR-74
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Source details : R2 DS 24-MAR-80
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Source details : 6" 1967
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Page(s) : 88-9
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Vol(s) : 126
Source Number : 1b
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Source details : D.N. Riley.
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Page(s) : 1, 7, 57, 104
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Source details : 24-Jul-98
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Vol(s) : 47 (1957)
Source Number : 2a
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Source details : Mr. J. Bartlett, Sheffield City Museum.
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Page(s) : 33
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Source Number : 3a
Source :
Source details : History of Nottinghamshire iii (Thoroton)
Page(s) : 323
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Source Number : 3b
Source :
Source details : 'Ann. of Notts.', iii (Bailey)
Page(s) : 1250
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Source Number : 3c
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Page(s) : 36
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Source Number : 3d
Source :
Source details : Lewis. Topographical Dictionary
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Monument Types:
Monument Period Name : Roman
Display Date : C3
Monument End Date : 299
Monument Start Date : 200
Monument Type : Road
Evidence : Cropmark
Monument Period Name : Roman
Display Date : Second half of C4
Monument End Date : 399
Monument Start Date : 350
Monument Type : Fort
Evidence : Sub Surface Deposit, Find, Cropmark

Components and Objects:
Period : Roman
Component Monument Type : Fort
Object Type : COIN, VESSEL
Object Material : Pottery

Related Records from other datasets:
External Cross Reference Source : Scheduled Monument Legacy (National No.)
External Cross Reference Number : 29923
External Cross Reference Notes :
External Cross Reference Source : Scheduled Monument Legacy (County No.)
External Cross Reference Number : NT 56
External Cross Reference Notes :
External Cross Reference Source : National Monuments Record Number
External Cross Reference Number : SK 69 SE 14
External Cross Reference Notes :

Related Warden Records :
Associated Monuments :
Relationship type : General association

Related Activities :
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1948-01-01
End Date : 1948-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1956-01-01
End Date : 1956-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : FIELD OBSERVATION (VISUAL ASSESSMENT)
Start Date : 1960-03-02
End Date : 1960-03-02
Associated Activities :
Activity type : FIELD OBSERVATION (VISUAL ASSESSMENT)
Start Date : 1974-03-11
End Date : 1974-03-11
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1980-01-01
End Date : 1980-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1983-01-01
End Date : 1983-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1991-01-01
End Date : 1991-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1995-01-01
End Date : 1995-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : FIELD SURVEY
Start Date : 1995-01-01
End Date : 1996-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY
Start Date : 1995-01-01
End Date : 1995-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EVALUATION
Start Date : 1995-01-01
End Date : 1995-12-31