More information : (SK 18148272) Navio Roman Fort (R) (1)
"Navione" derived from the River Noe, British "Nava", which supports the milestone form "from Navio". (2)
The Roman auxiliary fort of Navio at Brough was excavated initially by Garstang in 1903, see plan (3), Richmond in 1938-9 (4) and Bartlett (5) in 1957-8, showing occupation in the late Antonine, Severan and Constantin periods, also possibly Flavian (6). (3-6)
Continued excavation of the two acre Roman fort helped to confirm the building periods:
I. Flavian fort, abandoned c. 120 AD.
II. Re-occupation 154-8 with barracks, granaries and presumably Principia and Praetorium, were rebuilt in timber; the fort re-orientated.
IIb. Severan rebuilding in stone of at least granaries and Principia; remodelling of timber barracks.
III. Early 4th century reconstruction of the barracks as half timbered stone structures; re-arrangement and rebuilding of granaries and praetorium. Occupation ceased c. 350. (7-8)
The fort, surveyed at 1:2500 is well preserved and well defined on all four sides by an earthen rampart averaging 1.7m in height. No trace of any other ditches can be seen other than a slight depression at the SW corner. (9)
No change. (10)
Excavations at the vicus at Brough, probably at SK 183826 about 800ft SE of the fort, took place September 1971.
"A". SK 18258263. The corner of a rectangular building; large pieces of floor comprising crushed tile and cement and wall plaster found but no stratified material for dating.
Further excavation in June 1972 showed disturbance of late-Ro levels. Pottery found suggests 2nd and 3rd centuries occupation with a little 4th century. There is very little 2nd century material in the disturbed levels. Probable late 1st-early 2nd century level was sealed beneath a clay layer, two sleeper beam trenches being found. This layer probably represents its abandonment c. 125 (Corresponding with the end of the period I occupation of the fort).
"B" SK 18238278. Two blocks of dressed stone found exactly opposite the east gate of the fort may possibly be related to the foundations of a bridge carrying the road from the fort towards Melandra (SK 09 NW 2).
Name 'NAVIO' accepted for 4th. edition R.B. map. (11)
Finds of lead and lead ore suggest a connection with the lead mines of Derbyshire. Stone built stables with central drain. (12)
Excavation in 1980-83 located 2 roads running from the fort's SE gate, one of which was flanked by a stone and timber building, possibly a metal workshop,dated to c140-220 by pottery. Resistivity survey suggested the presence of strip-houses of the vicus. (13)
Note on aqueduct. (14)
Scheduled (15)
The Roman fort described above can be seen as earthworks on air photographs, centred at SK 1814 8273. A ditch is visible running roughly east to west through the centre of the fort with the remains of a building of uncertain date evident. The road leading to/from the south-east gate is visible (UID 1326340) and also possibly the road to/from the north-west (UID 1326350). Ridge and furrow is visible within and surrounding the fort (UID 1507505). The feature was mapped as part of the Derbyshire and Peak District Aggregates Assessment Survey and is extant on the latest EARTH.GOOGLE.COM photography (accessed 15-OCT-2009).
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