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Historic England Research Records

Monument Number 237389

Hob Uid: 237389
Location :
West Berkshire
Hermitage
Grid Ref : SU5234072580
Summary : The site of a Roman villa at Well House Farm, first excavated during the 1820s and 1830s and again in 1861. A number of buildings with walls were uncovered, along with mosaic floors and a plain tessellated pavement. Finds included a large quantity of pottery and animal bones, plus some coins, fibulae and other objects of bronze and iron.
More information : (SU 52347258) Roman Villa (R) (site of). (1)

Roman villa situated on the south side of a knoll in a field on
Well House Farm; first excavated between 1820 and 1830, when
some mosaic floors and a few Roman coins were discovered.
Further excavations in 1861 by the land-owner, H Bunbury,
revealed a number of buildings with walls enclosing a
considerable area. A wall 108 feet long by 3 feet thick on the
north side terminated to the west at a room 12 feet square with
a plain tessellated pavement. from this a passage and steps led
to a circular chamber containing many fragments of pottery and
animal bones. Finds in general included two coins (One was of
Tetricus, AD 267-274, the other was thought to be a styca), two
bronze fibulae and other objects of bronze and iron, much
pottery including Samian and Durobrivian wares, masses of metal
mixed with scoriae, and pieces of coal. Molten glass, tesserae
and tiles were scattered all over the site. (2,3)

The published site is on the flattish top of a rise and answers
the description. The farmer has found nothing of significance
when ploughing. (4)

Additional reference. (5)

Sources :
Source Number : 1
Source :
Source details : OS 6" 1960
Page(s) :
Figs. :
Plates :
Vol(s) :
Source Number : 2
Source :
Source details :
Page(s) : 60-3
Figs. :
Plates :
Vol(s) : 19, 1863
Source Number : 3
Source :
Source details :
Page(s) : 209
Figs. :
Plates :
Vol(s) :
Source Number : 3a
Source :
Source details : History and Antiquities of Newbury and Environs, 1839, pp218-222
Page(s) :
Figs. :
Plates :
Vol(s) :
Source Number : 4
Source :
Source details : F1 NVQ 24-MAY-63
Page(s) :
Figs. :
Plates :
Vol(s) :
Source Number : 5
Source :
Source details : Rivet, ALF. 1969. The Roman Villa in Britain, pp4, 271
Page(s) :
Figs. :
Plates :
Vol(s) :
Source Number : 6
Source :
Source details : Site number BK 22
Page(s) : 22
Figs. :
Plates :
Vol(s) : no.1

Monument Types:
Monument Period Name : Iron Age
Display Date : Iron Age
Monument End Date : 43
Monument Start Date : -800
Monument Type : Findspot
Evidence : Find
Monument Period Name : Roman
Display Date : Roman
Monument End Date : 410
Monument Start Date : 43
Monument Type : Findspot, Villa, Mosaic, Tessellated Floor
Evidence : Find, Sub Surface Deposit

Components and Objects:
Period : Iron Age
Component Monument Type : Findspot
Object Type : VESSEL
Object Material : Pottery
Period : Roman
Component Monument Type : Findspot, Villa, Mosaic, Tessellated Floor
Object Type : COIN, ANIMAL REMAINS, BROOCH
Object Material : Bronze

Related Records from other datasets:
External Cross Reference Source : SMR Number (Berkshire)
External Cross Reference Number : 946
External Cross Reference Notes :
External Cross Reference Source : SMR Number (Berkshire)
External Cross Reference Number : 948
External Cross Reference Notes :
External Cross Reference Source : National Monuments Record Number
External Cross Reference Number : SU 57 SW 3
External Cross Reference Notes :

Related Warden Records :
Associated Monuments :
Relationship type : General association

Related Activities :
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1820-01-01
End Date : 1829-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : EXCAVATION
Start Date : 1861-01-01
End Date : 1861-12-31
Associated Activities :
Activity type : FIELD OBSERVATION (VISUAL ASSESSMENT)
Start Date : 1963-05-24
End Date : 1963-05-24