More information : [ST 4768 1772] CASTLE [GT] (site of) (1)
A mansion known as BEAUCHAMP Castle, Gournay House and Gournay Castle, was built at Stoke sub Hamdon by Lord John de Beauchamp in the reign of Edward I (died 1284). In 1304 the second Lord John founded a Chantry House [see ST 41 NE 24] for the residence of a Provost and four priests to say mass in the free chapel of St. Nicholas situated nearby. In 1334 licence was granted to embattle and fortify the mansion. There is some controversy regarding the site of this castle, some suggesting Chantry House on the top of the hill as the site. The writer refers to Leylands visit to Stoke in 1540, when he spoke of the ruins of a castle 'in the bottom hard by the village', and a very old chapel in the Manor Place - which suggests this site.
A somewhat irregular rectangle which the writer suggests is Manor Place, has the remains of an old wall surrounding it, with gateways in the S. and E. walls. There are the remains of an old gatehouse in the S.W. corner, where a 16th C. house is built over an older building, perhaps 14th or 13th C. date. On the west and north of the Manor precincts are the remains of two fish ponds, known as the Castle fishponds, with foundations of a boundary wall extending eastwards from the north-east extremity of the east pond. South of the ponds is the site of St. Nicholas Chapel, on which finds of encaustic tiles bearing heraldic arms have been made. (2)
In Sept. 1906 excavations revealed the site of the Manor House itself in what is now a builders yard. In the south east quadrant of the precincts, a compact flooring of Ham stone rubble, overlain by stone tile fragments, and substantial wall foundations were found. Other finds included medieval glazed pottery, and a fragment of a knife. (2-3)
There are no extant remains of the fortified manor house but the O.S. siting within the walled enclosure would seem to be correct. The two gateways can still be seen in the wall but there is no gatehouse. (A 16th C. cottage may have been thought by Walter to be the gatehouse).
The fishpond complex to the NW would seem to consist of large reservoir which supplied three small fish ponds.
Surveyed at 1/2500. (4)
No change ; published 1:2500 survey correct. (5)
Trail excavation carried out by CRAAGS in 1976 in advance of development, over an area of about 180 sq metres in the area ST 476177. Various features were found including 14th century wall foundations and probable foundations of a documented circular dovecote; but this was probably only an area of yards, enclosures and outhouses associated with the fortified manor house, which itself may lie under the adjacent farm. (6-9)
ST 476177. Large house, licenced 1334. (10)
The licence to crenellate appears to have been granted in 1333 to Sir John Beauchamp, rather than in 1334, though it is grouped in the sources together with records of licences from 1344. Source 11 gives details of the original latin text elements- these mention turrets, but this may be a formulaic standard way of referring to permission to fortify. (11-12) |